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KMID : 0363220180560040259
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Korean Journal of Dermatology
2018 Volume.56 No. 4 p.259 ~ p.264
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Increased Expression of Dickkopf-1 in Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
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Choi Yoon-Hyuk
Kim Seok-Min
Kim Jun-Young
Han Man-Hoon
Lee Seok-Jong
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Abstract
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Background: Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, is known as an inhibitor of melanocyte proliferation. In recent studies, the expression of DKK-1 gene is reduced in melanoma and they lose their preventive role during development or progression of melanoma. There are no available data regarding the changes in DKK-1 gene expression in acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), which is common in Asians.
Objective: To analyze changes in DKK-1 expression in the development or progression of ALM in Koreans.
Methods: Immunohistochemical staining using DKK-1 antibody of 13 invasive ALM, six ALM in situ, nine acral nevi, and four benign non-related palmoplantar specimens as controls were evaluated by the semi-quantitative grading scale, which is divided into three distinctive grades according to the degree of cytoplasmic staining of DKK-1.
Results: Among the invasive ALM specimens, seven of 13 (53.8%) were graded as strongly positive (2＋), and only one case (7.7%) was negative. In cases of ALM in situ, two specimens (33.3%) stained positive (1＋) and the remaining four specimens (66.6%) were not stained. All specimens from both acral nevus and benign palmoplantar lesions, which were used as the control group, were also negative.
Conclusion: In contrast with recent reports, DKK-1 expression showed a positive correlation with ALM progression or invasiveness. The role of DKK-1 as a potential predictor of ALM progression warrants further study.
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KEYWORD
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Acral lentiginous melanoma, Dickkopf-1, Invasiveness, Progression
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